In the Middle Ages, the southern area of the 9th arrondissement, up to the foothills of Montmartre, was marshland. By the late 17th century, the “Fossés jaunes” wall marking the boundary of Paris along the Grands Boulevards was torn down. Businesses started moving into the southern part of the arrondissement, especially with numerous inns, taverns, and cabarets around Saint-Georges and Rochechouart. With the construction of the “Fermiers généraux” wall in the late 18th century, this area was fully incorporated into Paris, encouraging residential development.
First around Saint-Georges in the early 19th century and later throughout the arrondissement. Following the construction of the Thiers wall, the 9th arrondissement’s administrative limits were set in 1860, coinciding with Paris’s division into 20 arrondissements. After WWI, banks and insurance companies settled in the area, while department stores expanded.