Before it was incorporated into the Fermiers Généraux enclosure at the end of the 18th century, life in this arrondissement initially developed around 2 faubourgs. To the north was the faubourg du Temple, which housed the enclos du Temple. Originally an enclosure for the Knights Templar, it was the largest Templar commandery in France. When the Templar order was dissolved in 1312, the enclosure was handed over to the Hospitaller order. To the south, on the edge of the 12th arrondissement, was the faubourg Saint-Antoine. When it flourished in the 18th century, it was renowned for its furniture makers.
This arrondissement is of course historically associated with the symbol of the Bastille. This was originally a fortified castle built in 1370, before becoming a state prison on the orders of Richelieu. The storming of the Bastille on 14 July 1789 was a symbol of the Revolution and marked a decisive turning point. At the start of the 19th century, the 11th arrondissement became increasingly industrial and densely populated, becoming the most densely populated in Paris by the end of the century. Prefect Haussmann created numerous arteries to ‘aerate’ the area. In the 20th century, still industrial and working-class, it was a bastion of the labor and trade union movement. The République-Bastille-Nation axes were the preferred route for major demonstrations.